What are the methods for evaluating the quality of houses?

Method for housing quality appraisal:

1. Look at the basics

For concealed engineering, especially building foundations, there are various forms of foundations. For example, the most commonly seen pile foundation and box foundation are suitable for high-rise residential buildings, while low rise villas and multi story apartments generally use strip foundations. Of course, the form of foundation to be used depends on the local geological conditions.

The basement or underground parking garage of high-rise residential buildings is usually built using box shaped deep foundations. The foundation bears all the loads on the upper part of the building, such as self weight, furniture, people, etc., and reliably transmits all the forces to the foundation. It must resist the uneven settlement of the building. Quality problems such as wall cracking, floor deformation, and roof seepage that we sometimes see may be caused by uneven settlement of the foundation, which damages the stiffness of the building. We cannot see the foundation and other reinforced concrete load-bearing components after the house is built.

2. Look at the wall

The visual inspection methods for identifying the construction quality of exterior walls can be divided into several types: if the exterior wall is made of decorative tiles, the main observation is whether there is any peeling or unevenness, whether the joints of the decorative tiles are vertical, and whether the color and texture of the decorative tiles are coordinated. If the exterior wall is made of cement mortar and then coated with wall waterproof coating, it is necessary to observe whether the cement mortar falls off or has cracks; Brick walls are currently widely used in low rise villas, which have a classical and solemn meaning. It is important to pay attention to whether the joints of the brick walls are full and whether the bricks are dense. If penetrating cracks are found on the exterior walls, then there must be some problems in the design or construction of the house, and the quality appraisal department should be asked to re evaluate it.

3. Look at the floor

The floor includes two levels of meaning: one is the ground level of the ground floor and the floor slab of the floor. Firstly, determine whether the floor slab is prefabricated or cast-in-place. The floor slabs of low rise and multi story buildings are mainly prefabricated components, and it is necessary to observe whether the floor slabs are flat and whether there are cracks. There are two reasons for the occurrence of cracks: one is uneven grouting when the ring beams of the house are not covered with boards; The second issue is that the quality of the prefabricated panels is not up to standard, with excessive winding.

The floor slabs of mid to high rise and high-rise buildings are mainly cast-in-place slabs, which have good overall integrity and waterproofing. The main observation is whether there are exposed reinforcement or honeycomb surface phenomena. The strength grade of the concrete cannot be observed with the naked eye, and can be seen in the quality inspection report. If the quality of the concrete is too poor, the protruding parts can be removed by hand, such as at the corner of the column, which is a good place for inspection.

4. Look at the roof

The roofs of most residential buildings are flat roofs and sloping roofs. The main functions of a roof are waterproofing, insulation, and thermal insulation. For residents on the top floor, the roof is an important quality indicator. Firstly, it is necessary to personally go to the roof to check whether the drainage slope, water outlet, and eaves gutter organization of the roof are reasonable. The downspout should be installed firmly, the interface should be flat and tight, and there should be no leakage. Roof panels can be divided into two types: integral cast-in-place panels and prefabricated panels. The waterproof performance of cast-in-place panels is much better than that of prefabricated panels.